The implementation of sustainable development principles within Indonesia’s national legal system: Challenges and pathways toward a green society
Keywords:
Sustainable development, National legal system, Environmental governance, Legal implementation, Green societyAbstract
This study critically analyzes the implementation of sustainable development principles within Indonesia’s national legal system, emphasizing the challenges and strategic pathways necessary to achieve a green and sustainable society. The integration of sustainability principles has become a global priority following the adoption of the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), compelling states harmonize their legal frameworks with environmental and social objectives. In Indonesia, these principles are embedded within several national regulations, including those governing environmental protection, spatial planning, and economic development. However, despite the existence of a comprehensive legal framework, the effectiveness of its implementation remains limited due to policy inconsistencies, weak institutional capacity, and inadequate law enforcement mechanisms. Using a normative juridical approach supported by legal and policy analysis, this study examines the extent to which the principle of sustainability has been internalized within Indonesia’s legislative system and how it operates within the broader context of environmental governance. The findings reveal that the main obstacle lies not in the absence of legal norms but in their fragmented and sectoral enforcement. Therefore, strengthening institutional coordination, promoting legal awareness, enhancing public participation, and harmonizing sectoral regulations are essential to ensure a more coherent and effective realization of sustainable development objectives. Ultimately, this study aims to contribute to the development of a national legal system that is more responsive, environmentally oriented, and capable of supporting Indonesia’s transition toward a green society.
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