Design of a scaffolding-assisted harvesting tool for palm fresh fruit bunch transport vehicles
Keywords:
Palm oil harvesting equipment, Scaffolding, Structural analysisAbstract
The productivity and efficiency of oil palm harvesting are greatly influenced by the geographical conditions and soil structure of plantation areas, especially in regions with sloped and uneven terrain. In addition, the harvesting methods used also significantly affect the productivity and efficiency of the oil palm harvesting process. Conventional or manual harvesting methods that are still widely used—such as the use of egrek and dodos—often face limitations in terms of ergonomics, vertical access, time efficiency, and work safety, which ultimately reduce productivity and make the process less efficient. The development and design of scaffolding for Fresh Fruit Bunch (FFB) harvesting equipment aim to create an auxiliary tool that integrates a portable scaffolding system with an FFB transport vehicle. The design and development process begins with an analysis of the needs and problems encountered in actual field conditions. Based on these needs and challenges, a new innovation is required to improve the productivity and efficiency of FFB harvesting. The design utilizes three scaffolding frames capable of vertical movement through a hydraulic hoist system, sling, pulley, and bearings, which are designed to reach fresh fruit bunches at a height of approximately 7 meters. After the development and design stages are completed, structural analysis is performed using a finite element analysis (FEA) approach in SolidWorks software to determine stress distribution and deformation on each scaffolding frame under applied loads. The analysis results show that the maximum stress generated is far below the yield strength of AISI 1020 material (±350 MPa), with load distribution across the frames ranging from 716 N to 1283 N, indicating that the structure is categorized as safe. Additionally, the design scheme allows flexible assembly and loading of the scaffolding using a jack lift, enabling the vehicle to remain functional as a transportation unit or harvest carrier.
References
[1] Badan Pusat Statistik (BPS), Indonesian Oil Palm Statistics 2023, Jakarta: BPS, 2024.
[2] R. Sulaiman, “Utilization of Oil Palm in the Food and Non-Food Industries,” Jurnal Teknologi Agroindustri, vol. 11, no. 2, pp. 75–82, 2023.
[3] Prasetyo dan N. Fitria, “Analisis Kerusakan Tanaman Sawit akibat Proses Panen Manual di Perkebunan Rakyat,” Jurnal Ilmiah Pertanian, vol. 15, no. 1, pp. 42–49, 2022.
[4] Hendra dan S. Rahardjo, “Risiko Ergonomi dan Keluhan Musculoskeletal Disorders (MSDs) pada Pekerja Panen Kelapa Sawit,” Prosiding Seminar Nasional Ergonomi IX, Universitas Diponegoro, Semarang, Nov. 2009.
[5] A. I. Saputri, I. M. Ramdan, dan M. Sultan, “Postur Kerja dan Keluhan Musculoskeletal Disorders pada Pemanen Sawit di PT. Inti Energi Kaltim,” TROPHICO: Tropical Public Health Journal, vol. 1, no. 2, pp. 54–59, 2022.
[6] W. A. R. Smed dan T. Athaillah, “Analisis Risiko Panen Tandan Buah Segar Kelapa Sawit Menggunakan Metode Failure Mode and Effect Analysis (FMEA) di Afdeling OA (Alpa) pada PT. Karya Tanah Subur,” Jurnal AGRICA, vol. 16, no. 1, pp. 53–63, Apr. 2023.
[7] A. N. Ageta dan R. Purnawingsih, “Pemetaan Supply Chain Pengolahan Tandan Buah Segar (TBS) Menjadi Crude Palm Oil (CPO) dan Inti Kernel di PKS Sawit Seberang,” Industrial Engineering Online Journal, Universitas Diponegoro, vol. 11, no. 2, pp. 1–13, 2022.
[8] Mahandika, Dhidik, et al. "Modification of Stiffener Sidewall for 17 m³ Capacity Dump Truck at PT. ABC." Teknobiz: Jurnal Ilmiah Program Studi Magister Teknik Mesin 15.2 (2025): 114-122.
[9] Riles Melvy Wattimena, “Design and Construction of Scaffolding with a Lifting Capacity of 300 kg Using a Drive Electric Hoist AC 220 V”, IJMECIE, vol. 2, no. 4, pp. 184–194, Oct. 2025.
[10] FIRMANSYAH, Doni Bagus. “Analisa Kekuatan Rangka Dudukan Cylinder Hidrolik”. Jurnal Teknik Mesin Mercu Buana, Vol 8 No. 3, pp 18-32. 2020.
[11] ZUHDY, Akhmad Yusuf; HARIYANTO, Ifarrel Rachmanda; FIRDAUSI, Naura. “Optimalisasi Desain Scaffolding: Studi Pengaruh Scaffolding dengan Penambahan Outrigger”. Jurnal Aplikasi Teknik Sipil, Vol 22, No 4, pp 439-446, 2025.
Downloads
Published
Conference Proceedings Volume
Section
License
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.