A sustainable internet of things (IoT)–based solar dryer dome to improve post-harvest drying and food safety for rural small-holder farmers
Keywords:
Solar dryer dome, Post-harvest technology, IoT-based drying, Beneng Taro, Sustainable agricultureAbstract
Post-harvest losses in tropical regions remain high due to the reliance on traditional sun-drying methods, which expose agricultural products to contamination, weather fluctuations, and inconsistent drying rates. This study aims to evaluate the performance of a Solar Dryer Dome (SDD), a fully enclosed, solar-powered drying system designed to provide a controlled and hygienic environment for rural smallholder farmers. The SDD integrates ultraviolet- resistant polycarbonate panels, solar energy, and Internet of Things (IoT)–based sensors to regulate temperature, humidity, and air quality during the drying process. Field trials were conducted using sliced Beneng taro (Colocasia gigantea) leaves, with drying performance compared to traditional open-sun drying. Measurements included internal microclimate conditions, drying duration, final moisture content, and microbial load. Results indicate that the SDD maintained a stable temperature of 42–47°C and relative humidity below 60%, enabling rapid and uniform drying within 5–6 hours, compared to approximately 38 hours under open-sun conditions. Microbial tests showed an estimated 90% reduction in total viable counts for SDD-dried samples, demonstrating significantly improved hygiene and safety. Farmers reported better product color, cleanliness, and protection against sudden rainfall. The findings conclude that the Solar Dryer Dome offers a scalable, off-grid, and sustainable post-harvest technology capable of reducing losses, improving product quality, and enhancing the economic value of rural agricultural products.
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