Two paths against terrorism: Comparing repressive and deradicalization approaches in Indonesia and Malaysia
Keywords:
Terrorism, Comparative Law, Repressive Approach, DeradicalizationAbstract
Terrorism is a growing global threat, including in Southeast Asia. Indonesia and Malaysia, two countries with social diversity and a history of ideological conflict, face similar challenges in combating terrorism, but adopt different policy approaches. This paper aims to compare repressive and deradicalization approaches to counterterrorism in the two countries, focusing on two main questions: what are the legal frameworks and policies for counterterrorism in Indonesia and Malaysia, and what are the differences in the repressive and deradicalization approaches implemented by each country. The research method used is normative legal research with a comparative legal approach, using primary legal sources in the form of laws and government regulations, as well as secondary legal sources such as scientific literature, research reports, and case studies. The results of the study indicate that Indonesia balances repressive and deradicalization approaches through institutions such as Densus 88 and BNPT, while Malaysia predominantly uses a repressive approach with legal support such as SOSMA, although it has begun to pioneer rehabilitation programs. These differences in approach reflect the political-legal orientation of each country, as well as sensitivity to human rights issues. In conclusion, the effectiveness of counterterrorism requires a balance between security measures and the protection of civil rights, as well as continuous evaluation of the impact of deradicalization policies on social reintegration and community cohesion. This study recommends the need for a holistic approach that not only suppresses the symptoms of terrorism, but also addresses its ideological and structural roots in the long term.
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