Utilization of ironwood sawdust waste as an adsorbent through chemical and physical activation processes with various KOH activation concentrations
Keywords:
Activation, Activated charcoal, KOH, Ironwood sawdustAbstract
Indonesia's total sawnwood production reaches 2.6 million m3 per year with the amount of sawmill waste produced amounting to 1.4 million m3 per year. In ironwood sawdust there is a content of cellulose 39-45%, hemicellulose 15-25%, lignin 18-33%. This study aims to determine the effect of KOH activator concentration on the quality of activated charcoal from ironwood sawdust so that it complies with the Indonesian National Standard (SNI 06-3730-1995). The process of making activated charcoal from ironwood sawdust through a carbonization process using a furnace at a temperature of 500oC for 1 hour, then the charcoal is ground and screened with a size of -80 + 100 mesh followed by chemical activation using KOH activator 3%, 5%, 10%, 15% and 20% for 24 hours and continued with physical activation at a temperature of 700oC for 2 hours. The quality of activated charcoal from ironwood sawdust was tested based on (SNI 06-3730-1995) including water content, ash content, volatile matter content and iodine absorption capacity. The results showed that the best condition of activated charcoal from ironwood sawdust was produced in a physical activation process with a KOH concentration of 10% which resulted in a water content of 1.2808%, ash content of 4.1017%, volatile matter content of 7.9887% and iodine absorption capacity of 812.0556 mg/g.
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